Over a year after the publication of The silent pandemic: Tackling hepatitis C with policy innovation, the hepatitis C virus (HCV) continues to pose a rising threat to healthcare systems worldwide.
As many as 170m people, or 2.4% of the world’s population, are infected with HCV, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO), nearly five times the number estimated to be living with HIV.[1] While mortality rates as a result of acute hepatitis have remained relatively constant over the past ten years, deaths from HCV complications, such as cirrhosis of the liver, have seen a much sharper upward trajectory.
There are countries in each region of the world that suffer from high rates of infection: Georgia and Romania in Europe, Brazil and Argentina in Latin America, Mongolia, Indonesia and Taiwan in Asia, Egypt and Sub-Saharan countries in Africa, and the United States in North America. As a result, a number of these countries have played a leading role in multinational efforts to combat HCV.
In our earlier report we found that the lack of sufficient knowledge and data about the disease and its prevalence, poor public awareness, the failure to follow through consistently with treatment where testing is available, and high rates of infection among marginal populations had created significant barriers to tackling HCV. In this update, we look at what progress has been made and the barriers that remain.
[1] Bulletin of the World Health Organisation, 2012; 90:540-550; Guidance on prevention of viral hepatitis B and C in people who inject drugs, World Health Organisation, July 2012.